Abstract: This paper primarily reports on the development of tank ammunition working on the principle of kinetic energy to defeat armour. Evolution of armour-piercing, discarding sabot (APDS) into a long rod penetrator otherwise known as armour-piercing, fin-stabilised, discarding sabot (APFSDS) is explained. Frontal armour protection of the current armour is anticipated and the ability of current rounds to defeat it is compared. Design considerations and their limitations relating to current penetrators yielding enhanced penetration are discussed. Novel concepts to further increase armour penetration are also reported.